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Title: Methodology of Teaching Physical Science
Institution: Osmania University, India

Level:
Degree, continuing education.

Description:
1. Development of physical science:
- Study of the following scientific revolutions:
- E Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543)
- Issac Newton (1642-1727)
- Albert Einstein (1879-1955).
- Physical science and modern world view.
2. The nature of science:
- Definition, function and aims of science.
- Science and values.
- Structure of scientific inquiry.
- Empirical and theoretical knowledge.
- Facts, concepts, theories, laws and principles.
- Inductive and deductive reasoning.
- The scientific method.
- Correlation in science, inter-disciplinary approach and unification of all sciences.
3. Aims of science teaching:
- The aims and goals of science teaching.
- Instructional objectives and specifications of science teaching with special reference to cognitive, affective and psychomotor domains.
4. Learning experiences and methods of teaching:
- Learning experiences: Direct experience; vicarious experience; symbolic experience; characteristics of a good learning experience; sources of learning experiences.
- Methods of teaching: Lecture-cum-demonstration method; problem solving method; project method; laboratory method; historical method; discovery method.
5. Planning:
- Year plan, unit plan, lesson plan (observation and criticism). - Planning a scholastic achievement test.
- Guiding in the design of science curriculum.
- National science curriculum programmes (NCERT, New Delhi). - Innovative international science projects: PSSC physics; Chem study; Nuffield Physics Project; Nuffield Chemistry Project. 6. Science laboratory and clubs:
- Planning a multi-purpose laboratory.
- Laboratory apparatus and maintenance.
- First aid and safety in the science laboratory.
- Improvised apparatus.
- Science clubs, fairs and magazines.
7. Technology of science education:
- Learning and educational technology:
- Perception and formation of concept.
- Multi-sensory approach.
- The psychology of using teaching aids.
- Dale's cone of experience.
- Hardware and software in teaching aids.
- Study of the following teaching aids:
- Project aids: films, filmstrips, slides, opaque projection, overhead projection, epidiascope, slide/filmstrip
projector, motion picture projector.
- Non-projected aids: Graphic aids, display boards, audio visual aids, radio, TV, recordings, D aids, activity aids, programmed instruction, teaching machines, computer assisted instruction. - Systems approach.
8. Evaluation:
1. Concept.
2. Unit test.
3. Standardisation fo a test.
4. Essential qualities of measuring instruments: Planning, reliability, validity, objectivity, discriminating power, adequacy, practicability, comparability, utility.
5. Tools of evaluation: oral, written, essay, short-answer, objective type, practical, general suggestion for writing objective items.
6. Interpretation of test scores.

Field experiences:
1. An analysis of the textbooks of NCERT, SCERT (Andhra Pradesh) and the textbooks of other States.
2. A survey of the laboratory facilities available in the High Schools of Andhra Pradesh: Private schools, government schools, local bodies, central government schools.
3. Preparation of audio-visual aids: Graphic aids, preparation of slides, improvised apparatus, SUPW articles.
4. Presentation of term/seminar papers on the content of secondary school physical sciences.
5. Vocational aspects/possibilities of science.
6. Evolving methods, learning experiences and audio visual aids for the following topics: Measurement; motion; space and time; quantum world; matter and energy.

Assessment is by continuous assessment in contact programmes and final examination.

Programmes for which this course is required or in which it can be included:
Bachelor of Education.


Languages:
English and Telugu

Media and methods employed: Printed text, face-to-face tutorials.
Printed correspondence texts prepared by/for institution, face-to-face tutoring (2 contact programmes of six weeks each conducted at various Colleges of Education in Andhra Pradesh).

Administrative information:


Classification:
050435 SCIENCE TEACHING

Date: 19 October 1993 bb
Source: B Ed Syllabus

© 1999 International Centre for Distance Learning, The Open University

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